I am a very creative person who can try to make characters out of pretty much anything. (You can show me the blandest of pictures and I'll try.) But the one type I seem to always have a problem with are villains. I don't know what it is, but I seem to have so much trouble with it and end doing to usual 'insane maniac hellbent on world domination' trope and that's it. I can't seem to give any reasons for it. I have made only one villain character in my free time that can be considered good, but that's it.
Why am I throwing this out at you? Well, I'm looking for tips. How do you make a good villain?
I usually pick a controversial topic and build a sort of philosophy or belief system around it. Usually you want to stay in the gray area, and on these topics they really seem like a huge gray area, so both villain and heroes will have some questionable positions on them. I try to make the villains position be a bit more morally correct than that of the heroes. The key difference will be that the villain is trying to impose his worldview on everyone else, and I use the leverage that being morally superior on that particular subject offers in order to justify the villains deeds. Everything will flow so naturally from there. The villain becomes reletable but at the same time overall the evil guy.
If we are talking about roleplay, just study the world your villain lives in, and pick the controversial topic.
Is there a war plaguing the society? The villain wants to stop that with assassinations and acts of terrorism against his own government.
Is there a state religion that has some morally dubious, or outright wrong practices? The villain will try to free the people of the shackles of such faith, killing the leaders and when he realizes that for each one he kills, a new one steps up he looks for a more permanent solution that will jeopardize the whole society.
In every scenario his intentions must be good, his means escalate to the point there is no doubt he must be stopped, and he will inevitably kill good people along the way.
Emotionally he must be the guy people root for, but rationally a threat that must be stopped no matter how good his intentions. Like in the movie Law abiding citizen where the guy who killed his family goes free and he kills him, starting a crusade against the justice system which he sees as broken, and he is not too far from the truth. He holds the whole city hostage killing some good, innocent people along the way. And in the end you are still left with the impression that he was right and even justified, and what happened was unfair, because you can relate on an emotional level.
EDIT: i forgot to mention that your villain doesn't have to be the usual ruthless, self-righteous kind of guy. Or even a coold blooded killer. Maybe he knows that he has crossed the line, and he is now in the wrong, morally speaking, but he feel like a martyr, taking those actions so others don't have to in order to bring about the change the world needs. He tries to convince the heroes to switch sides, he wants to minimize the collateral damage and killing and doing what he is doing makes him suffer. Maybe in the end he wins and, now that he made the world a better place, unable to cope with what he has done and in order to make the world an even better place, he commits suicide.
I mean, creating a villain is not too hard. Sky is the limit. Use your imagination.